This discovery would supposedly grant its owner eternal life and youth, or the ability to turn almost any metal into gold. Supporters of this idea state that the Phoenicians certainly had the means to carry out transatlantic voyages. Dr. Robert Carton of the Environmental Protection Agency has claimed that fluoridation is the greatest case of scientific fraud of the century, if not of all time. On the other hand, the Center for Disease Control lists water fluoridation as one of the 10 greatest public health achievements of the 20th century, its used by dentists everywhere (theyre the people who care about your teeth), and its found in many toothpaste brands. The first industrial robot was invented in 1961, and then in 2007 the London based Shadow Robot Company successfully produced and marketed the Shadow Handa glove controlled cybernetic hand with the same dexterity as a humans. (See also Links normally to be avoided, Conflict of interest, Autobiography guidelines.) About: Fringe theory - DBpedia What is more, just because a quote is accurate and verifiably attributed to a particular source does not mean that the quote must necessarily be included in an article. 10 Far-Out Theories About Beloved Sitcoms, Top 10 Far-Out Theories About Fan-Favorite Films, 10 Fantastically Elaborate Hoaxes Perpetrated Just, 10 Ways The Watergate Scandal Was Far Worse Than You Realize, Top 10 Ideas That Were Far Ahead Of Their Time, 10 Times When Reality TV Went Too Far - 2020, Top 10 Signs Trigger Warnings Have Gone Too Far, 10 Historical Shoe Rituals and Superstitions You Might Not Know About, 10 Unusual and Incredible Reinterpretations of Classic Artworks, 10 Ancient Fertility Treatments You Wouldnt Want to Use Today, 10 Inventive Ways People Survived Winter Before Electricity, 10 Bleak Facts about Victorian Workhouses, 10 Amazing Archeological Discoveries Made by Dogs, Top 10 Hoarders Who Were Killed By Their Own Hoard, 10 Shocking Cases Of People Who Attended Their Own Funeral, 10 People Who Claimed To Be Time Travelers, Top 10 Everyday Items Removed From The Human Anatomy, 10 Weapons That Backfired In Terrible Ways. For more criteria, see Trefil, James S. (1978). For instance, continental drift was heavily criticized because there was no known mechanism for continents to move and the proposed mechanisms were implausible. However, supporters of the theory bring up three counter-arguments that could have helped Jesus survive his ordeal. While its true that fringe theories generally sound crazy to conventional-thinking people, some are backed by just enough evidence (or convincing arguments) to almost make us wonder if its all real. The majority of the scholars have so far rejected this theory, and cited the many medical improbabilities required for Jesuss escape. If discussed in an article about a mainstream idea, a theory that is not broadly supported by scholarship in its field must not be given undue weight,[1] and reliable sources must be cited that affirm the relationship of the marginal idea to the mainstream idea in a serious and substantial manner. By Halloween, 20 people had died and half the entire population of 14,000 had been left sick. Germ theory denialism is the pseudoscientific belief that germs do not cause infectious disease, and that the germ theory of disease is wrong. Top 10 revolutionary scientific theories | Science News [5] For example, focal infection theory, which held that focal infections of the tonsils or teeth are a primary cause of systemic disease, was once considered to be medical fact. How to Spot Pseudoscience Online and IRL | Discover Magazine In 2008, the Briton used an exact replica of a Phoenician ship to successfully circumnavigate the continent. This is particularly true within articles dedicated specifically to fringe ideas: Such articles should first describe the idea clearly and objectively, then refer the reader to more accepted ideas, and avoid excessive use of point-counterpoint style refutations. He was not identified until a group of masked men stole the body from a local funeral home. One of the most infamous Mexican drug lords in history, Lazcano was known for his extreme violence, and built an empire of 10,000 gunmen that spread from the Rio Grande into Central America. Stanley Meyer's water fuel cell) may be treated as pseudoscience. "There are extreme academic views such as those of Jacques Halbronn, suggesting at great length and with great complexity that Nostradamus's Prophecies are antedated forgeries written by later hands with a political axe to grind." Game theory: John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern, 1944 (with important embellishments from John Nash in the 1950s) Developed for economics, where it has had some successes, game theory. Other considerations for notability should be considered as well. The book was first translated into Latin by a Dominican friar named Ramon Marti in the 1200s. In August 2012, it was reported that Miguel Trevio Morales had replaced Lazcano as the leader of Los Zetas. Gradually, more members of the Lost Tribes, and even Eastern Christians, immigrated to Japan and assimilated with the original settlers. He even contributed toward building the first permanent synagogue in Philadelphia. . The problem with pseudoscience - EMBO Press Fringe Science: Parallel Universes, White Tulips, and Mad Scientists Brendan Allison, Amy Berner (Contributor), Kevin R. Grazier (Editor) 3.92 168 ratings15 reviews Fringe has always been more than the sum of its partsbut its parts, too, are worth a closer look. Articles have been published claiming that the radioactive plume from the original disaster will reach the West Coast of the United States and Canada in early 2014. Links to non-fringe articles in fringe articles can also help aid the reader in understanding and remove the threat of creating a walled garden. Inquiries far outside of mainstream science, strategies for engineered negligible senescence, List of topics characterized as pseudoscience, "Distinguishing Science from Pseudoscience", "Two Scientists Jailed; Pair Sentenced in Maine in Sale of 'Accumulators', "THE RESURRECTION OF WILHELM REICH AND ORGONE THERAPY", "Fantastically Wrong: Why Is the Sky Blue? Note that fringe journals exist, some of which claim peer review. 1Identifying fringe theories Toggle Identifying fringe theories subsection 1.1Spectrum of fringe theories 1.1.1Pseudoscience 1.1.2Questionable science 1.1.3Alternative theoretical formulations 2Sourcing Toggle Sourcing subsection 2.1Reliable sources 2.2Independent sources 2.3Parity of sources 2.4Attribution 2.4.1Quotations For example, the lives of the Israeli kingsSaul, David, and Solomonbecame known in Japanese history as those of emperors Chiuai, Sujin, and Suinin. 30 Eerily Beautiful Photos Of Abandoned Iceland, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. Articles about fringe theories sourced solely from a single primary source (even when it is peer reviewed) may be excluded from Wikipedia on notability grounds. The theft caused police to investigate further and discover that the fingerprints of the dead man matched those of Lazcano. The notability of a fringe theory must be judged by statements from verifiable and reliable sources, not the proclamations of its adherents. 4 fascinating Fringe Science theories that will blow your mind In addition, the Phoenicians proved that they could complete long voyages by accomplishing what is believed to be the first recorded circumnavigation of Africa, in 600 B.C. 4 fascinating Fringe Science theories that will blow your mind-----. Points that are not discussed in independent sources should not be given any space in articles. A list created by: Lee Sonogan Science gives as the most absolute truths. In his work, Brooks-Baker suggested that every US presidential election has been won by the candidate with the most royal blood. Wikipedia is neither a publisher of original thought nor a soapbox for self-promotion and advertising. As a result, founders and believers of fringe theories often end up as objects of ridicule. Many encyclopedic topics can be evaluated from a number of different perspectives, and some of these perspectives may make claims that lack verification in research, that are inherently untestable, or that are pseudoscientific. Harold Brooks-Baker was an Anglo-American journalist who became famous for his books on the genealogy of the British Royal family. He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author. He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author. The findings have helped fuel the conspiracy theory that an elite group, such as the Illuminati, is secretly controlling American elections, using the media to promote the most royal candidate. - This list catalogs well-accepted theories in science and pre-scientific natural philosophy and natural history which have since been superseded by scientific theories.Many discarded explanations were once supported by a scientific consensus, but replaced after more empirical information became available that identified flaws and prompted new theories which better explain the available data. . Some believe that the ancient Phoenicians were the first people to ever successfully set sail to the Americas, allegedly reaching the east coast of Central America more than 2,000 years before Columbus. In the early 1990s, Springer spent a year searching over back-channel satellite news footage to find controversial clips that werent meant for public view. However, ideas should not be excluded from the encyclopedia simply because they are widely held to be wrong. Notable perspectives which are primarily non-scientific in nature but which contain claims concerning scientific phenomena should not be treated exclusively as scientific theory and handled on that basis. Despite the evidence, many people in Mexico have suspected that Heriberto Lazcano is still alive. 3. She is saying due to string theory people lost faith in all sciences. "Although Halbronn possibly knows more about the texts and associated archives than almost anybody else alive (he helped dig out and research many of them), most other specialists in the field reject this view. Not all pseudoscience and fringe theories are alike. write that "From a media perspective it is evident that controversial science sells, not only because of its dramatic value, but also since it is often connected to high-stake societal issues."[32]. The strongest argument is that the records of Muhammads exploits, the Quran, and Islam only became known to the rest of the world long after the birth of the religion. It is also far from presenting a potential solution to the problem because kids absolutely need immunization and good hygiene. The research is interesting, but the theory is far from being accepted by the medical community. Fittingly, another term for these schools of thought is fringe science one that Gordin prefers, after researching fringe theories since the late 1990s. The complicated relationship between the level of acceptance of an idea and its notability is explored below. One of the primary tenets of the theory is that the British Royal Family is directly descended from King David. The movie examines a large number of TV outtakes that touch on the 1992 presidential election, the LA riots, and abortion protests. For example, since the universal scientific view is that perpetual motion is impossible, any purported perpetual motion mechanism (e.g. But is all of this true? However, the WP:BLP policy does not provide an excuse to remove all criticism from a biography or to obscure the nature of a person's fringe advocacy outside of their field of expertise (see WP:PROFRINGE, WP:PSCI, WP:BLP#Balance). Evolution, The Big Bang Theory, and Continental Drift all began on the fringes of science and todaywhile still debated by someare taken as scientific truth. Subjects receive attention in Wikipedia in proportion to the level of detail in the sources from which the article is written. Ibragim Todashev was a Chechen-American who was shot to death by an FBI agent on May 22, 2013. The prominence of fringe views needs to be put in perspective relative to the views of the entire encompassing field; limiting that relative perspective to a restricted subset of specialists or only among the proponents of that view is, necessarily, biased and unrepresentative. The theory stands in direct contrast to the standard Savannah theory, which holds that our ancestors evolved modern human traits in the open plains. Efforts of fringe-theory inventors to promote their theories, such as the offering of self-published material as references, are unacceptable: Wikipedia is not an advertising venue. First formulated in the 1960s by British marine scientist Alister Hardy, the aquatic ape theory maintains that our modern human abilities are the result of our ancestors amphibious existence. According to McGovern, beer itself was actually the primary reason our ancestors settled down in the first place. The Donora smog is one of the most deadly air pollution disasters in US history. The lines between science-fiction and reality blur as J.J. Abrams, Roberto Orci, and Alex Kurtzman--the team behind STAR TREK and ALIAS--regroup to craft this mind-bending series that begins as an international flight . The shooting has outraged many people, and the FBI has blocked all attempts to view autopsy reports because the case is still under investigation. Official history teaches us that during World War II, Nazi Germany acted as the aggressor against its erstwhile ally, the Soviet Union. 10 Fantastically Far-Fetched Fringe Theories by Marc V. fact checked by Jamie Frater As we have previously discussed, fringe theories contain premises and ideas that radically differ from the mainstream point of view. Examples of the latter include pseudoscience (ideas that purport to . Fringe Science: Parallel Universes, White Tulips, and M Care should be taken not to mislead the reader by implying that, because the claim is actively disputed by only a few, it is otherwise supported. Fringe views, products, or those who promote them, may be mentioned in the text of other articles only if independent reliable sources connect the topics in a serious and prominent way. The connotation of "fringe science" is that the enterprise is rational but is unlikely to produce good results for a variety of reasons, including incomplete or contradictory evidence. We still use all sorts of drugs to try and utilize all the nooks and crannies of the brain. Be careful not to use in-text attribution carelessly to imply that only the named sources would agree. In late October 1948, something strange happened in Donora, Pennsylvania. If no independent reliable sources connect a particular fringe theory to a mainstream subject, there should not even be a link through a see also section, lest the article serve as a coatrack. They point to the fact that no identification was found on the body, and that the recorded height of the man was not consistent with Lazcanos size. Specifically theories that didn't start out as a scientific/STEM discovery. Almost immediately, they started to complain of respiratory distress and illness. In fact, its origins are rooted in Bchamp's empirically disproven (in the context of disease) theory of pleomorphism. Fast forward a few thousand years to the 1960s when Harvard Professor Tim Learys studies on the use of LSD made the drug popular. Bio weaponization is nothing new. He was also familiar with explosives and grenade-launchers. In general, Wikipedia should always give prominence to established lines of research found in reliable sources and present neutral descriptions of other claims with respect to their historical, scientific, and cultural prominence. Fringe theories include the models and proposals of fringe science, as well as similar ideas in other areas of scholarship, such as the humanities. Particularly harsh criticism should be attributed"Philosopher A. C. Grayling dismisses intelligent design as 'a little driblet of childish ignorance; a mark of mankind's infancy'"while simple facts"humans and chimpanzees evolved from a common ancestor"are best left stated simply as facts rather than recast as opinions. For this reason, notability guidelines for fringe topics are stricter than general notability guidelines: the notability of a fringe theory must be judged by statements from verifiable and reliable sources, not the proclamations of its adherents. How Tucker Carlson mainstreamed fringe conspiracy theories : NPR Including such a controversial quote needs to be carefully contextualized as a particular point of view. Psychological Theories: Definition, Types, and Examples - Verywell Mind The hygiene hypothesis is a theory that says children in developed countries may be more susceptible to allergic diseases because of a lack of exposure to certain infectious agents, which has caused a problem with the natural development of the immune systems. In the Middle Ages, the Toledot Yeshu was apparently used by some Jewish communities in order to discredit Christianity. The Economic Institutions of Capitalism: Antecedents from the 1930s He proved in his Special Theory of Relativity that objects in motion actually do experience time differently than their stationary counterparts. See Wikipedia:Fringe theories/Arbitration cases. 10 Fantastically Far-Fetched Fringe Theories - Listverse The quote should only be included if it can be contextualized in a verifiable and neutral sense as a point of view of the Bigfoot Field Researchers Association and not necessarily a factual statement. Collectively their conclusions are ground-breaking. The Nazi invasion, code-named Operation Barbarossa, caught the Soviets totally off guard, since they did not expect the Germans to attack. Fringe-science This branch of fringe science stems from the hypothesis that the human brain is infinitely capable, but certain social and physical factors prohibit us from reaching our full potential. In Wikipedia parlance, the term fringe theory is used in a very broad sense to describe an idea that departs significantly from the prevailing views or mainstream views in its particular field. It is also best to avoid hiding all disputations in an end criticism section, but instead work for integrated, easy to read, and accurate article prose. The company didnt respond to our request for a price quote, but we can go ahead and assume most people arent going to be running out to buy one anytime soon. [2]:161. Jeffrey Amherst, infamous racist douchebag, goes down in history for giving Native Americans blankets covered in smallpox germs to Extirpate this Execrable Race.. Conspiracy theories aren't just for conservatives Superseded_scientific_theories - chemeurope.com The victims were given knives, hammers, and machetes to protect themselves. He was nicknamed The Executioner because he liked to feed his victims to lions and tigers on his ranch. The book says that Jesus was an illegitimate child who practiced heretic activities and died a shameful death. Activation Theory Actor-Observer Difference Affect Infusion Model Affect Perseverance Aggression Ambiguity effect Amplification Hypothesis Anchoring and Adjustment Heuristic Anticipatory Regret see Regret Theory Appraisal Theory Attachment Theory Attachment Style Attitude Attitude-Behavior Consistency Attribution Theory Automatic Believing This is the principle of one-way linking for fringe theories. Sufficiently notable for dedicated articles: Not sufficiently notable for dedicated articles: Just because an idea is not accepted by most experts does not mean it should be removed from Wikipedia. Brooks-Baker traced the lineage of 33 US presidents back to Alfred the Great and Charlemagne. Lucky for us theres no disease that turns humans into flesh eating zombies. There is now scientific proof for the existence of a giant primate species in North Americaa species fitting the descriptions of sasquatches (bigfoots).". One of the first people to propose the theory was David P. Strachan in an article published in the British Medical Journal in 1989. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Fringe: Season 1 [Blu-ray] at the best online prices at eBay! The 10 Most Fascinating (And Terrifying) Fringe Sciences. By parity of sources, critiques of that material can likewise be gleaned from reliable websites and books that are not peer reviewed. Unfortunately, The FBI has sealed all documents in the case, so it is impossible to determine what really happened. 30 Interesting Scientific Theories - Ungroovygords string theory lied to us and now science communication is hard Fringe science is an inquiry in an established field of study which departs significantly from mainstream theories in that field and is considered to be questionable by the mainstream.. Despite the theorys popularity, modern human genetics doesnt support the idea. To determine whether something is pseudoscientific or merely an alternative theoretical formulation, consider this: Alternative theoretical formulations generally tweak things on the frontiers of science, or deal with strong, puzzling evidencewhich is difficult to explain awayin an effort to create a model that better explains reality. [2]:183 Pseudoscience, however, is something that is not scientific but is incorrectly characterised as science. Eventually, this custom led to even more complex and intertwined relationshipsessentially the forerunner of todays society. The Franklin Prophecy is the fringe belief that Benjamin Franklin made anti-Jewish comments during a speech at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. The fringe theory developed in England during the 17th century and eventually spread to the United States. She describes all of them as trying to make sense of the world using the scientific method, but in the face of not being able to understand the complex theories of modern science. According to Hardouin, this group hoped to sway the masses back to Paganism by writing pro-paganistic texts and passing them off as genuine historical literature. Carlson's show gave many Fox News viewers what they wanted, she said, including false claims about the 2020 election, COVID vaccines and the Jan. 6 Capitol insurrection, as well as smears against. The 10 Most Fascinating (And Terrifying) Fringe Sciences - All That's The mere mention of Jesus is usually enough to provoke a whole slew of controversies, directly or indirectly tied to Him. Instead, lets discuss the controversial view that this notorious French serial killer was himself the unfortunate victim of a vast conspiracy to steal his wealth. As a result, founders and believers of fringe theories often end up as objects of ridicule. If mentioning a fringe theory in another article gives undue weight to the fringe theory, discussion of the fringe theory may be limited, or even omitted altogether. Here are the top ten fringe sciences and theories that could become mainstream in your lifetime: Cybernetics is the study and re-creation of control systems (the nervous system, the brain, and mechanical-electrical communication systems). Hitlerwho got wind of the planhad no other choice but to launch a preemptive strike. Even to know what the majority thinks you need a LARGE SAMPLE SIZE to get an idea. There are numerous reasons for these requirements. For example, fringe theories in science depart significantly from mainstream science and have little or no scientific support. Likewise, an alleged speech by Stalin supposedly indicates that he hoped that Germanys war with Britain and France would leave the three countries exhausted, consequently making them easy pickings for the Soviets. In 2002, the Franklin Prophecy was mentioned by Osama Bin Laden in his Letter to the American People. Many aspects of the theory point to a clear forgery and hoax. We humans have been using drugs in an attempt to access our whole brains for about as long as weve been on this planet. The American Civil Liberties Union has called for an independent investigation into the shooting, while the Russian embassy in Washington has become active in searching for details in the case. Top 10 Most Famous Scientific Theories (That Turned out to be Wrong) Wikipedia primarily focuses on the state of knowledge today, documenting the past when appropriate (identifying it as such), and avoiding speculation about the future. So far, this unconventional view has sparked great controversy. The girl discovered the connection after exploring a genealogy database created by her grandfather. Criticisms of fringe theories should be reported on relative to the visibility, notability, and reliability of the sources that do the criticizing. Category:Fringe theory - Wikipedia Fringe science is a branch of science that departs from the established scientific theories. Unlike pseudo-science, it still uses the scientific method, but is highly speculative. Due consideration should be given to the fact that reputable news sources often cover less than strictly notable topics in a lighthearted fashion, such as on April Fool's Day, as "News of the Weird", or during "slow news days" (see junk food news and silly season). In an article on a fringe topic, if a notable fringe theory is primarily described by amateurs and self-published texts, verifiable and reliable criticism of the fringe theory need not be published in a peer reviewed journal. The water is then pumped into about 1,000 storage tanks, which have started to leak. Fringe theories and related articles have been the subject of several arbitration cases. Such theories strive to explain different mental processes including how the mind processes information and how our thoughts lead to certain emotions and behaviors. Well, not all of us, but scientists speculate that early hominids ate magic mushrooms as a regular part of their diet, and by 5000 BCE Sumerians were smoking opium to experience more joy. In other cases, an alternative theoretical formulation lacks significant evidence to show its validity, but when such evidence is produced, the theory can become mainstream. Fringe Science - Exploring the Bounderies of Research Muhammad became the figurehead for the Arabs, the new Chosen People. Additionally, Kalisch states that the Quran itself heavily paralleled the Christian and Jewish texts. Are there any fringe conspiracy theories developed under democratic