64Then the Lord will scatter(CN) you among all nations,(CO) from one end of the earth to the other. They will leave you no grain, new wine(BR) or olive oil,(BS) nor any calves of your herds or lambs of your flocks until you are ruined. 26:33; Deut. The potential actions of God described in the verses that follow are not the mindless or capricious acts of an unknown and malevolent deity; they are the just acts of a righteous God whose covenant love would have been spurned by his own people. Those normally exempted from military service would be forced to fight and be killed. Deuteronomy marries curses from the East Semitic world with native Northwest Semitic traditions, opposing the traditions against each other in a playful exchange (Quick 2017). Michael Grisanti: Moses clearly defines the people on whom the curses will fall, namely, those who do not obey the stipulations of the covenant. Traces of Assyrian Treaty Formulae in Deuteronomy,Biblica46: 417-427. 42Locusts shall [h]consume all your trees and the produce of your land. Eugene Merrill: To fail to serve would result in Israels being given over to another sovereign whom they would serve until they were utterly decimated (v. 48). Instead, the heavens would rain down dust, which would only exacerbate an already hopeless situation on the earth (v. 24; cf. WebIn the same connection Deuteronomy 27:15-26 contain a list of crimes which are visited with a curse and no blessings; this cannot be the proclamation of blessing and cursing which is here required. 127:1; Job 31:8; and Prov. Instead of Israels being set high above all the nations of the earth, all these curses shall come upon you and overtake you (same verbs as 28:2) The presence of this curse language, also found in various ancient Near Eastern treaties, emphasizes the seriousness of infidelity in Israels relationship with Yahweh. 28:30 (x3), 31 (x3), 38, 39, 40, 41; Isa. (:58-68) DOUBLEBACK ON CURSES THAT REVERSE ISRAELS PREVIOUS BLESSINGS. 49The Lord will bring a nation against you(BM) from far away, from the ends of the earth,(BN) like an eagle(BO) swooping down, a nation whose language you will not understand,(BP) 50a fierce-looking nation without respect for the old(BQ) or pity for the young. B. Then you shall be left few in number, whereas you were as the stars of heaven for multitude, because you did not obey the LORD your God.. For less than $5/mo. (CT) 66You will live in constant suspense, filled with dread both night and day, never sure of your life. 12:11; Job 31:10; Jer. The past few decades have brought to light additional inscriptions that also provide paralleled phenomena to the curses in Deuteronomy 28. 19 You will be cursed when you come in and cursed when you go out. ^Deuteronomy 28 - This chapter proves that we are the true Jews _ Curses Verses 15 - 68 is talking about the cursing that will come to the nation of Israel. The law code of the book of Deuteronomy is capped with a series of curses that threaten harm upon any individual that should fail to keep the Deuteronomic laws. English Hebrew. Word Order. WebRather, Deuteronomy 28 mediates between the traditions of the East and West, featuring characteristic examples of the Northwest Semitic futility curse type, as well as curses 26:26; Deut. 56The [m]tender and [n]delicate woman among you, who would not venture to set the sole of her foot on the ground because of her delicateness and sensitivity, [o]will refuse to the husband of her bosom, and to her son and her daughter, 57her [p]placenta which comes out (AP)from between her feet and her children whom she bears; for she will eat them secretly for lack of everything in the siege and desperate straits in which your enemy shall distress you at all your gates. The curses following, reversing the blessings of God which the Israelites had already begun to experience, constitute a final, awesome warning to the Israelites who are now engaged in the last part of the renewal of the covenant in Moab. Grid & List Views. Michael Grisanti: Moses probably made use of certain covenantal curse terminology common in his day to express the potential covenantal judgment. Compositions in Old Aramaic, Phoenician, Moabite, Ammonite or Edomite, as well as in Epigraphic Hebrew, while much narrower in scope than the possibilities presented by the Mesopotamian material due to the limited nature of the documentary finds, nevertheless should be our first point of departure when discussing the writing culture of the ancient Levant. 11:18-20; cf. Because Israel did not serve God, it will serve the enemy (vv. On the other hand, a number of scholars have been wary to posit a direct literary relationship between the Succession Treaties and the book of Deuteronomy, usually due to their reticence to attribute the kind of Akkadian literacy that this would necessitate to the Hebrew scribes who wrote the biblical text (e.g., Morrow 2005; Crouch 2014). Deuteronomy 29:27 chapter context similar meaning copy save. 1965. III. The gentlest soul would abandon all restraint and loyalty and in his hour of self-preservation would feed upon his own precious loved ones (v. 54), not retaining a shred of generosity toward others in similar plight (v. 55). Thus the long and solemn sermon on the curse of God provides a final incentive for wholehearted commitment in renewing the covenant. The last three describe climatic or agricultural conditions. I also want to stress the importance of these Northwest Semitic inscriptions for understanding the production of biblical literature in general. Assistant Professor of Religion and Judaic Studies (z) Jacchiades in Dan. Certainly this is the logic that underlines the treaty formalized between Jacob and Laban, and the mound of witness that acts as the sign of their covenant, named in Aramaic by Laban, and in Hebrew by Jacob (Genesis 31:47). (:52) Suffocating Siege by the Attacking Enemy, And it shall besiege you in all your towns until your high and fortified walls in which you trusted come down throughout your land, and it shall besiege you in all your towns throughout your land which the LORD your God has given you.. Clearly the ritual context of treaty formation in ancient Israel and Judah involved a complex body of rites and actions, encompassing at the very least signs, sacrifice, the recitation and writing of curses and perhaps a ritual procession between the two halves of an animal as implied in Genesis 15, and explicit in Jeremiah 34. If increased population is a sign of the blessing of covenant fidelity, population decline is a sign of covenant unfaithfulness. Both Deut. 41 You shall have sons and daughters but they shall not be yours, for they shall go into captivity. There will be no relief until the Lord has finished you off (lit., destroyed you, v. 21) in the land. Just as Ezra had intermediaries to help the people understand the reading of the Torah, translating it and giving the sense (Neh. Indeed, the text in Deuteronomy seems to build upon and amplify the Akkadian, adding additional clauses that stress the perpetuity of the curse, so you shall never recover with none to give help. He will put an iron yoke(BK) on your neck(BL) until he has destroyed you. The Lord your God will bless you in the land he is giving you.. 9 The Lord will establish you as his holy people, as he Continues after advertising. Israel & the Assyrians: Deuteronomy, the Succession Treaty of Esarhaddon, & the Nature of Subversion. 42 The cricket shall possess all your trees and the produce of your ground. Eugene Merrill: The inevitable calamities that befall the disobedient nation would be indelibly engraved in their memories and forever after would witness to the truth that the Lord and his covenant will cannot be flaunted. WebIn the third portion, Moses describes the blessings Israel will face if they keep the covenant, and the curses that will destroy them if they do not (Deut. SAA, II; Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. WebHebrew Interlinear :: Deuteronomy 28:67 (WLC KJV) Search. The best value in digital Bible study. WebDeuteronomy 28:15-68 Catalog of Covenant Cursings for Israel 1) Ox Your ox shall be slaughtered before your eyes, but you shall not eat of it; 2) Donkey your donkey News and Interpretations on the Bible and Ancient Near East History. WebThe first of these 12 curses is upon those who would treat their father or mother with contempt. (BG) 47Because you did not serve(BH) the Lord your God joyfully and gladly(BI) in the time of prosperity, 48therefore in hunger and thirst,(BJ) in nakedness and dire poverty, you will serve the enemies the Lord sends against you. 2017. Hebrew Root. 33A nation whom you have not known shall eat (U)the fruit of your land and the produce of your labor, and you shall be only oppressed and crushed continually. Earl Kalland: Blow upon blow continues. Deuteronomy 28:1 - And it shall come to pass, if thou shalt hearken diligently unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to observe [and] to do all his commandments which I command thee this day, that the LORD thy God will set thee on high above all nations of the earth: Deuteronomy 28:2 - And all The land they live in will produce all the food they need ( Deuteronomy 28:4 ). 6:9-8). Yahweh repeatedly demanded that his covenantal nation trust him. The full measure of the divine curse would come on Israel when its disobedience had been hardened into disregard for the glorious and awesome character of God. The reference to the long-range effects of Yahwehs actions against Israel in verse 46 represents the most striking difference between these borders: They will be a sign and wonder forever. 26:29; 2 Kin. The second speech thus has the pattern of first giving the bigger, governing principles (Deut. These curses are not just speech acts: the text is explicit that an accompanying rite is meant to posit the association between the broken object and the cursed individual. 4, 11, 18) Harvest of crops Fruit of thy cattle ( vv. 19Cursed shall you be when you come in, and cursed shall you be when you go out. Notice the repeated pattern: Sow much seed / harvest little / harvest consumed by locusts, Plant and cultivate vineyards / no wine to drink / grapes consumed by worms, Have numerous olive trees / no oil to use / olives drop off prematurely, Have sons and daughters / no enjoyment of their company / children go into captivity, 1. (CV) There you will offer yourselves for sale to your enemies as male and female slaves, but no one will buy you. WebThese blessings shall come upon Gods children as the Lord will cause (Deuteronomy 28:7), command (Deuteronomy 28:8), establish (Deuteronomy 28:9), grant Esarhaddon was the third king of the Sargonid Dynasty of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, and the Succession Treaties are the formal record of a treaty concerning the royal succession of Esarhaddons chosen heir, his son Assurbanipal, in Assyria, written in 672 BCE. You will be unsuccessful in everything you do; day after day you will be oppressed and robbed, with no one to rescue(AB) you. The Book of Deuteronomy. By means of a seemingly endless catalogue of secondary agents of doom, Moses warns that Yahweh will marshal every conceivable agent of destruction against his people. What the people would see the devastated land, ruined by drought and marauding armies; their possessions gone; their bodies sickened; the many dead; their children taken captive into a wretched condition would drive them insane (v. 34). Webearlier chapters in Deuteronomy. Web22 views, 0 likes, 0 loves, 0 comments, 3 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Baldwin First UMC: 4th Sunday of Easter. View Options English. 67 In the morning you shall say, Would that it were evening! And at evening you shall say, Would that it were morning! because of the dread of your heart which you dread, and for the sight of your eyes which you shall see. The logic of this passage seems to recall the simile curses found in the Neo-Assyrian and Aramaic treaty texts: Just as certain items are broken, cut or burnt, so will the treaty partner be broken, cut or burnt, should he not keep the terms of the agreement. Warren Wiersbe: This section is predictive; it describes the judgments God promised to send on the nation if the people refused to obey His law. 43 The alien who is among you shall rise above you higher and higher, but you shall go down lower and lower. 4, 11, 18, 53) Children Fruit of thy ground ( vv. Many biblical texts and Old Aramaic inscriptions partake in this literary form, with a total of forty-three discrete examples of the futility curse across all biblical books, especially in Deuteronomy 28 and in pre-exilic prophetic texts: Lev. The particular curse form common to the Old Aramaic inscriptions and Deuteronomy 28 can be described as curses of futility, with a characteristic syntactical form and commonalities in both vocabulary and ideation. 16:13; Amos 9:9, NKJV, The American Patriot's Bible: The Word of God and the Shaping of America, NKJV, Chronological Study Bible, Comfort Print: Holy Bible, New King James Version, NKJV, Woman's Study Bible, Red Letter, Full-Color: Receiving God's Truth for Balance, Hope, and Transformation, NKJV, Chronological Study Bible: Holy Bible, New King James Version, NKJV, Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible, Red Letter Edition: Bringing to Life the Ancient World of Scripture, NKJV, Spirit-Filled Life Bible, Third Edition, Red Letter Edition, Comfort Print: Kingdom Equipping Through the Power of the Word. They will pursue you and overtake you(BE) until you are destroyed,(BF) because you did not obey the Lord your God and observe the commands and decrees he gave you. Michael Grisanti: The pair signs and wonders commonly signifies anything that testifies to Yahwehs presence and power (Dt 4:34; 7:19; 26:8; 29:3 [2]; Jer 32:21). These hyperbolic expressions declare Yahwehs goal: to destroy the covenantal triangle and in effect wipe out the nation itself. Bible Outlines is dedicated to helping others understand scriptures through the Big Idea concept. Curses in the Book of Deuteronomy and in Old Aramaic Inscriptions, Media, Video and Lectures From The Arizona Center for Judaic Studies of the University of Arizona, Teaching the Bible in Public Schools and Higher Ed, Scholars, Frauds, the Media and the Public, Essays on Minimalism from Bible and Interpretation, Final Reports on the Yehoash Inscription and James Ossuary from the Israeli Antiquities Authority, Essays on the James Ossuary and the Temple Tablet from Bible and Interpretation, University of Arizona, Center for Judaic Studies, Department of Archaeology and Art History, University of Evansville. 63And it shall be, that just as the Lord (AV)rejoiced over you to do you good and multiply you, so the Lord (AW)will rejoice over you to destroy you and bring you to nothing; and you shall be (AX)plucked[q] from off the land which you go to possess. Settings The first three are clearly human diseases (consumption, fever, and inflammation).
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