[85] His problems were compounded when the Cincinnati Commercial described him as "insane". [15] However, Lloyd Lewis's 1932 biography claimed that Sherman was originally named only "Tecumseh" and that he acquired the name "William" at the age of nine or ten, when he was baptized as a Catholic at the behest of his foster family. [231] In 1871, Sherman ordered that the leaders of the Warren Wagon Train Raid, an attack by a Kiowa and Comanche war party from which Sherman himself had narrowly escaped, be tried for murder in Jacksboro, Texas. Free shipping for many products! [297] Former U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara refers equivocally to the statement that "war is cruelty and you cannot refine it" in both the book Wilson's Ghost[298] and in his interview for the documentary film The Fog of War (2003). You are rushing into war with one of the most powerful, ingeniously mechanical, and determined people on Earthright at your doors. According to Holden-Reid, Sherman finally "had cut his teeth as an army commander" with the Jackson Expedition. If one of them becomes President, it will be all in the family.". Nicholas Street Austin Butler TV and Movie Actor 6th cousin 6 times removed via Richard Raymond Brewster H. Shaw NASA Astronaut 6th cousin 5 times removed The Sherman's were well educated and highly cultured by Lancaster standards at this time. His father was a wealthy lawyer who worked on Ohio's Supreme Court. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. He left his widow, Mary Hoyt Sherman, with eleven children and no inheritance. Another younger brother, Hoyt Sherman, was a successful banker. McPherson. [296], The influential literary critic Edmund Wilson found in Sherman's Memoirs a fascinating and disturbing account of an "appetite for warfare" that "grows as it feeds on the South". He led the capture of the strategic city of Atlanta, a military success that contributed to the re-election of President Abraham Lincoln. Thus, he was living in the border state of Missouri as the secession crisis reached its climax. In February 1864, he commanded an expedition to Meridian, Mississippi, intended to disrupt Confederate infrastructure and communications. [160], Sherman believed that the terms that he had agreed to were consistent with the views that Lincoln had expressed at City Point, and that they offered the best way to prevent Johnston from ordering his men to go into the wilderness and conduct a destructive guerrilla campaign. Sherman also earned money from surveying and by the sale of lots in Sacramento and Benicia. [312], This is actually a re-printing of the second, revised edition of 1889, published by D. Appleton & Company, of New York City. [299] The admiration of scholars such as B. H. Liddell Hart,[300] Lloyd Lewis, Victor Davis Hanson,[301] John F. Marszalek,[302] and Brian Holden-Reid[303] for Sherman owes much to what they see as an approach to the exigencies of modern armed conflict that was both effective and principled. This was a new regiment yet to be raised. [158] After returning to Goldsboro, Sherman marched with his troops to the state capital, Raleigh, where Sherman sought to communicate with Johnston's army regarding possible terms for ending the war. [41], On May 1, 1850, Sherman married his foster sister, Ellen Boyle Ewing, who was four years and eight months his junior. Louis. Unbeknownst to Sherman, Grant abandoned his advance, and Sherman's river expedition met more resistance than expected. [132] The capture of Atlanta made Sherman a household name and was decisive in ensuring Lincoln's re-election in November. [281] Except during the personal crisis triggered by his son Thomas's decision to become a priest, Sherman's personal attitude towards the Catholic Church was tolerant and even friendly at a time when anti-Catholic prejudice was common in the United States. Liddell Hart's claims for his own influence on the German doctrine of, Sherman wrote in a letter to Halleck, dated December 24, 1864, "that we are not only fighting hostile armies, but a hostile people, and must make old and young, rich and poor, feel the hard hand of war, as well as their organized armies.". This country will be drenched in blood, and God only knows how it will end. [197][198][f] Another World War II-era student of Liddell Hart's writings on Sherman was General George S. Patton,[199] who "spent a long vacation studying Sherman's campaigns on the ground in Georgia and the Carolinas, with the aid of [Liddell Hart's] book" and later "carried out his [bold] plans, in super-Sherman style". Like Grant, he failed as a. [154] Having defeated the Confederate forces under Johnston at Bentonville, Sherman proceeded to rendezvous at Goldsboro with the Union troops that awaited him there after the captures of the coastal cities of New Bern and Wilmington. [68] In early April, Sherman declined Montgomery Blair's offer of the administrative position of chief clerk in the War Department, despite Blair's promise that it would be followed by nomination as Assistant Secretary of War after the U.S. Congress assembled in July. William H. Warner in surveying the new city of Sacramento, laying its street grid in 1848. Lampson Parker Sherman . [305] Saint-Gaudens's Bust of William Tecumseh Sherman, which he used as the basis for the larger Memorial, is at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. [93] At Shiloh, Sherman was wounded twicein the hand and shoulderand had three horses shot out from under him. [55], In 1859, Sherman accepted a job as the first superintendent of the Louisiana State Seminary of Learning & Military Academy in Pineville, Louisiana, a position he sought at the suggestion of Major Don Carlos Buell and obtained through the support of General George Mason Graham. Although Sherman was technically the senior officer, he wrote to Grant, "I feel anxious about you as I know the great facilities [the Confederates] have of concentration by means of the River and R[ail] Road, but [I] have faith in youCommand me in any way. Sherman would eventually become one of the few high-ranking officers of the U.S. Civil War who had not fought in Mexico. The Sherman House is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, Civil War Preservation Trail and has been a memorial to the family since 1951. As Sherman himself once noted, his unusual middle name came from his father's "fancy for the great chief of the Shawnees, Tecumseh," who headed a confederacy of Native American tribes in Ohio. [188][191], Sherman's military legacy rests primarily on his command of logistics and on his brilliance as a strategist. But you cannot have peace and a division of our country. [30] In his memoirs, Sherman relates a hike with Halleck to the summit of Corcovado, overlooking Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, in order to examine the city's aqueduct design. Fires began that night and by next morning most of the central city was destroyed. [119][120] Sherman's army captured the city of Meridian on February 14 and proceeded to destroy 105 miles of railroad and 61 bridges, while burning at least 10 locomotives and 28 railcars. One of 11 children, Sherman was born to a prominent family in Lancaster . They were the parents of at least 1 son and 3 daughters. He tells us what he thought and what he felt, and he never strikes any attitudes or pretends to feel anything he does not feel. [229], When the Medicine Lodge Treaty failed in 1868, Sherman authorized his subordinate in Missouri, Major General Philip Sheridan, to lead the winter campaign of 18681869, of which the Battle of Washita River was part. "[284][285], "Since the public mind has settled to the conclusion that the institution of slavery was so interwoven in our system that nothing but the interposition of Providence and horrid war could have eradicated it, and now that it is in the distant past, and that we as a nation, North and South, East and West, are the better for it, we believe that the war was worth to us all it cost in life and treasure." In 1829, when Sherman was 9, his father died unexpectedly. Republican Governor Daniel Henry Chamberlain appealed to President Grant for military assistance. Evarts, the polished, urbane, witty New Yorker; George Hoar, the sharp, petulant, bright, nagging New Englander; John Sherman, the unostentatious, but persistent Westerner. Sherman's younger brother John was, from his seat in the U.S. Congress, a prominent advocate against slavery. After ordering almost all civilians to abandon the city in September, Sherman gave instructions that all military and government buildings in Atlanta be burned, although many private homes and shops were burned as well. [156][157] Also present at the City Point conference was Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter. The army took 4,000 prisoners and commandeered many wagons and horses. [10][259] During this period, he remained in contact with war veterans, and he was an active member of various social and charitable organizations. [227], There was little large-scale military action against the Indians during the first three years of Sherman's tenure as divisional commander, as Sherman allowed negotiations between the U.S. government and Indian leaders to proceed, while he built up his troops and awaited completion of the Union Pacific and Kansas Pacific Railroads. This letter was to James E. Yeatman, May 21, 1865, and is excerpted more extensively (and with slight variations) in Bowman and Irwin. They were the parents of at least 5 sons and 5 daughters. [109] During the long and complicated maneuvers against Vicksburg, one newspaper complained that the "army was being ruined in mud-turtle expeditions, under the leadership of a drunkard [Grant], whose confidential adviser [Sherman] was a lunatic". Johnston, ignoring instructions from President Davis, accepted those terms on April 26, 1865, formally surrendered his army and all the Confederate forces in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida. After Sherman's departure the spokesman for the black leaders, Baptist minister Garrison Frazier,[181][182] declared in response to Stanton's inquiry about the feelings of the black community: We looked upon General Sherman prior to his arrival as a man in the providence of God specially set apart to accomplish this work, and we unanimously feel inexpressible gratitude to him, looking upon him as a man that should be honored for the faithful performance of his duty. The resulting trial of Satanta and Big Tree marked the first occasion in which Native American chiefs were tried by a civilian court in the United States. Add a caption. The children were parceled out to relatives and friends. When the bank failed during the Panic of 1857, he closed the New York branch. For other uses, see. [133] According to Holden-Reid, "Sherman did more than any other man apart from the president in creating [the] climate of opinion" that afforded Lincoln a comfortable victory over McClellan at the polls. I know him well. [236] In 1873, Sherman wrote in a private letter that "during an assault, the soldiers can not pause to distinguish between male and female, or even discriminate as to age. [67] While trying to hold himself aloof from politics, he observed first-hand the efforts of Congressman Frank Blair, who later served under Sherman in the U.S. Army, to keep Missouri in the Union.
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