ASCE Pipeline Design for Installation by Horizontal Directional Drilling, CAPP Planning Horizontal Directional Drilling for Pipeline Construction, MAB-07 (2020) - MAB Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of HDPE (PE4710) Pipe in Municipal Applications, Slavin, Larry and Petroff, Larry (2010). Hn0EYZJ2^u6*u.!Z'3:f[@]p!1HvELiF|Uku mSYQ'IS`2"q ,`-*{|dcHgQcm=JpjW greater than 1.0 indicates that the displayed wall type will have The construction area is relatively small and the construction period is relatively short. The procedure is straightforward and has been incorporated into various software tools, as an engineering and design aid for such projects. B. This is achieved by pumping drilling fluid (mud) down the inside of the drill rods, which flushes the drilled material back out of the bore. The drill is launched from one end of the designed bore path and retrieved at the other end, and except for the launch and retrieving spaces above ground, the entire process takes place underground . Successive reamers are then pulled back to enlarge the bore diameter to the desired size. 450046. Relevant material properties for PE pipe, such as safe pulling tension/stress, are also provided in the document. MDPE and HDPE pipes shall conform to the current ASTM D1248, ASTM D2513, ASTM D3350, and ASTM F714. Directional boring, also referred to as horizontal directional drilling (HDD), is a minimal impact trenchless method of installing underground utilities such as pipe, conduit, or cables in a relatively shallow arc or radius along a prescribed underground path using a surface-launched drilling rig. The project quality is good. It is conducive to protecting the environment and does not affect the normal passage of roads. h4~r They are monitored throughout the process to make sure the bore stays open, pumps are not overworked, and uid circulation throughout the borehole is maintained. The indicated bore/pipe path comprises three segments spanning the pipe entry (point A) to its exit point (point D), with horizontal projected distance Lbore, equal to the sum of the three horizontal (projected) segments L2, L3 and L4. Waste discharge, Drainage, Mining, Slurry, Sewer, Water Reticulation, Stormwater Systems 5.8m or 11.8m/ length with the flanges ends(customizable), National Standard Laboratory/ pre-delivery inspection, Research, Design, manufacture, Test, Sales, Solution Providing, After-sale service, Black with blue stripes, black or others colors. Additional route bends, beyond those shown in FIGURE 2, as well as possible bends in the horizontal plane, should be avoided, and will increase the required pulling forces. It was reissued in 2005 and 2011, and previously reinstated in 2020. These pits will allow the drilling fluid to be collected and reclaimed to reduce costs and prevent waste. 0000016763 00000 n Image Courtesy:Exova Utilities. FIGURE 1 illustrates the operation in a city or urban application. Smaller diameter PE100 pipe can be pulled in directly from a coil trailer via a straightener re-rounder. Wire-line locating system The wire-line system is a magnetic guidance system. The pipe entry side, opposite the drill rig, must accommodate the long length of assembled (fused) pipe. 0000009915 00000 n According to industry standards, quality plastic pipe should endure in excess of 100 years without failure. The technique is routinely used when conventional trenching or excavating is not practical or when minimal surface disturbance is required. It's flexibility, strength and fused joints as strong as the original pipe itself, make it ideal for HDD applications. The theoretical basis of the formulae for estimating the required pulling force is provided below. %PDF-1.5 % ASCE Pipelines 2014. At no time during welding or installation must the pipe be allowed to drag on the ground and it must therefore be supported on rollers, though it should be stored directly on the ground to avoid indentations from supporting rollers or timbers if there is to be a delay in installation. Those directly related to the setup and operation of the maxi-HDD equipment (machine and hydraulic operations, as well as the drilling fluid under high pressure). Polyethylene pipe is the pipe of choice for trenchless installations using directional drilling. %%EOF HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING PART 1 GENERAL 1.1 DESCRIPTION A. One of the most significant contributions of ASTM F1962 is the provision of a rational, analytical method for selecting the pipe strength based on estimated installation loads on the PE pipe. It offers unmatched corrosion and chemical resistance, is flexible, durable and available in long reel lengths to reduce joints and installation time. All three systems have their own merits, and a particular system is chosen depending upon the site requirements. He can be reached at lslavin@ieee.org. Such results could be further refined by competent engineering expertise, including analysis of pipe and soil characteristics and interaction, often including the use of relatively sophisticated software tools, possibly based on the ASTM F1962 methodology. Furthermore, any construction procedure must address basic safety rules, avoid damage to existing facilities, adhere to applicable government regulations, and consider environmental issues. The exposed leading end of the pipe should be inspected for possible damage and a pressure or leakage test may be required, for fluid transport applications. Once the bore has been completed and reamed to the required diameter, the PE100 pipe is prepared for pull-back by attaching the end to a pulling head, swivel, reamer and drill rods at the drill exit point. Pipeline Design for Installation by Horizontal Directional Drilling -. High-density polyethylene pipe is the most common type of pipe used in the directional drilling market and is used for 49.7% of projects. 29), PR-277-144507-Z01 Installation of Pipelines by Horizontal Directional Drilling Engineering Design Guide (Arlington, VA: Pipeline Research Council Most soil and rock types can be drilled with the appropriate tooling and processes. Lastly, the pipeline is pulled into the enlarged hole, thus creating a continuous segment of pipe underground exposed only at the two initial endpoints. xb```c````e`` @v @s@( LTo18R(l1kUpaqHO(>HHblBU2f$,G.9|lL7. 0000004070 00000 n The image above shows a straightener re-rounder being used on a 180mm pipe, and whilst it is in the trench here, it can be attached to the coil trailer if so desired. [5], Tooling, as in the mechanical apparatus that are installed to the drill string to conduct operations, are available in a wide number of different shapes and sizes. Both ends of the bore path must be investigated to confirm their feasibility for successfully completing the installation of the large, long pipeline. International, Inc., 2015, pg. FIGURE 2 illustrates a typical geometry for a maxi-HDD operation, in this case corresponding to a river crossing. Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) consists of several installation steps. The drilling fluid is typically a suspension of a bentonite clay and polymers. While considered convenient and practical to apply by experienced engineers for a maxi-HDD operation, the overall ASTM International F1962 procedure and guidelines represent a relatively extensive, tedious process, when considering smaller, lower cost operations associated with typical mini-HDD applications. Recycled water pipeline completed in Encinitas, Calif. These may include the need to file environmental, health and safety plans, or permits for passing beneath waterways, and there may be special requirements for drilling beneath railroads. Example of Capstan Effect (Courtesy of Outside Plant Consulting Services, Inc.). 757 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<818473D849B370E99276959C150446C3><5862925C0F04774D9936C4C2CD7CF8D7>]/Index[745 21]/Info 744 0 R/Length 69/Prev 35703/Root 746 0 R/Size 766/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Directional Drilling Directional drilling is the drilling of non vertical wells. Residential neighbourhoods remain unscathed, commercial districts do not have to deal with loss of business, and rural regions remain undisturbed. The number of construction personnel is relatively small, and at least 10-20 people are required for manual excavation, while only 7 people are used for pipeline directional drilling technology. It is used for crossing waterways, roadways, shore approaches, congested areas, environmentally sensitive areas, and areas where other methods are costlier or not possible. He can be reached at lslavin@ieee.org. At 180mm the maximum length on a coil is generally 100 metres, and smaller diameters can be longer. It was reissued in 2005 and 2011, and previously reinstated in 2020. Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of HDPE (PE4710) Pipe in Municipal Applications. 0000009554 00000 n The stiffness of the steel drill rods determines their allowable curvature, in order to avoid fatigue. 3.0 SCHEDULE . This information is transmitted through the wire-line fitted within the drill string. [4], The equipment used in directional boring depends on the length of the (proposed) crossing, the pipe properties (of the to-be-installed pipeline), and the (anticipated) subsurface conditions. However, they are sufficiently general to consider the possible implementation of anti-buoyancy measures to reduce these otherwise high frictional forces. As with any pipe pulling technique, the movement of the drill string and the pipe string should be monitored. ASTM F1962 is the only available ASTM standard for HDD. ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Lawrence Slavin, Ph.D., provides outside plant consulting services as a member of IEEE, the worlds largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity. Because of its high ductility and flexibility, and ability to be fused in continuous lengths, per the well-established ASTM standards and by experienced contractors, PE, particularly high-density polyethylene (HDPE), is the most commonly used pipe product for HDD projects. ASTM International F1962, Standard Guide for Use of Maxi-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of Polyethylene Pipe or Conduit Under Obstacles, Including River Crossings, provides recommended procedures for the placement of PE pipe using maxi-HDD. The Conduit Design Calculator automates the Mini-HDD calculations described in PPI TR-46 Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of High Density Polyethylene Pipe.. International, Inc., 2015, pg. The HDPE Pipe Model, developed by the PE100+ Association with inputs from many industry experts, includes the most frequently asked questions and answers (Q&A's) of all the elements through the pipe system value chain: design, materials, construction, operation & maintenance, and environmental issues. High-density polyethylene pipes are now widely used in the sewer industry. HDPE is a polyethylene thermoplastic made from petroleum. trailer PART 1 GENERAL 1.1 DESCRIPTION Section includes requirements for Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pressure Sewer pipe. With a magnetic guidance system (MGS), the tool reads inclination and azimuth. Alternate materials will require prior approval. For the geometry shown in FIGURE 2, with relatively shallow entry and exit angles, the associated load amplification due to this effect is not major; although for more complex paths, the effect could be very important. %PDF-1.6 % The initial decision involves selecting the size and capacity of the machine. 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While the document provides useful information for evaluating the potential for collapse under lateral pressures, either during of following installation, the most widely used portion of ASTM F1962 are the formulae for estimating the pulling tensions corresponding to the leading end of the pipe reaching point A, B, C and D. These formulae account for the frictional drag acting on the pipe along the surface of the borehole, primarily due to the high buoyant weight of the HDPE pipe, within the relatively dense drilling fluid, especially for vacant pipe. It is the only system that has the capability of verifying the location. illustrates a typical geometry for a maxi-HDD operation, in this case corresponding to a river crossing. This is the basis of MAB-7 (2020), MAB Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of HDPE (PE4710) Pipe in Municipal Applications, as referenced in the 2022 edition of ASTM F1962. ;0CKh6sKjrmlq9vwiJ%)m5]UWd 0000000936 00000 n Tensions induced in the PE pipe, as it passes any curve, become amplified because the tensile forces tend to pull the pipe against the curved surface. Learn about the various stages of construction. In the absence of ballast, the maximum total calculated tension will typically occur towards the end of the installation; e.g., at point C or D. The net resulting peak tensile stress is required to be less than the safe pull tensile stress of the HDPE pipe. It is also important to identify areas of poor or difficult ground, such as gravel and cobbles, which could allow the drilling mud to escape or create bore instability unless an appropriately engineered drilling mud can be used. Mini-HDD applications, for instance, tend to contain bore paths with additional curvature because of the need to avoid known obstacles or follow a curved right-of-way, as well as more subtle curvature due to path corrections characteristic or typically less precisely controlled installations. It is designed to be maintenance free as there is no need for man-entry maintenance. Trenchless technologies, such as horizontal directional drilling, pipe bursting and slip lining allow the entire water supply and drainage system of a city to be replaced without causing a major traffic jam and incurring the enormous cost of restoring streets and roads. 0000000016 00000 n These units may be capable of anywhere from 5,000 lbs to 100,000 lbs of thrust/push force and may be used for spanning between a house basement to a nearby shared water pipe. At the surface a receiver (usually a hand-held. The two major sources of possible damage to the new pipe are excessive pulling force exerted if the pipe seizes during pull-back as might occur if some of the bore collapses, and scoring by any hard or rock fragments in the bore. [citation needed]. Physical properties of the PE material(s) are provided in the appendices, which allow determination of an appropriate wall thickness for the pipe, depending on its diameter and estimated peak pulling force (or tendency to collapse). ~U4chn~ _ Pull Strength of the conduit in terms of Diameter Type (IPS, SIDR, or The staging of larger diameter and longer pipelines may require the use of pipe rollers and other facilities to ensure the pipe is not damaged during pull-back. The term "directional boring" or "bore" is generally reserved for mini/small sized drilling rigs, small diameter bores, and crossing lengths in terms of hundreds of feet. The Conduit Design Calculator automates the Mini-HDD calculations described in PPI TR-46 Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of High Density Polyethylene Pipe. The intermediate horizontal segment, L3, may be of zero length. In contrast, tooling intended to navigate soft soils may be limited to high carbon steel (milled to a desired shape and size). where the drilling proceeds from left to right. Add: 13th F, Longyu International Building, Zhengzhou Area(Zhengdong), China(Henan) Pilot Free Trade Zone. Once the User enters the required Input data and clicks Calculate, 0000002811 00000 n 0000021965 00000 n A result shown in Green and with a Safety Factor Safety and environmental considerations (Section 5). Horizontal directional drilling is often used where open cut installations are not feasible, such as road and river crossings. and Material (type of HDPE). Installation lengths are typically 30m and greater. The physical properties of the PE4710 material allow greater pulling forces and also provide greater resistance to collapse. H|SQO0~W#. Horizontal Directional Drilling Plastic Pipe (HDPE & MDPE) Home; HDD (Polyethylene Pipe) - Input; Please [ Log . This phenomenon is referred to as the capstan effect, as it is the principle of the capstan winch, as illustrated in. Pipe reaming, also known as pipe eating, is a trenchless pipe replacement technique that removes the host pipe while at the same time installing a new replacement pipe. Section includes requirements for Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pressure Sewer pipe. It is a mixture of water and, usually, bentonite or polymer continuously pumped to the cutting head or drill bit to facilitate the removal of cuttings, stabilize the bore hole, cool the cutting head, and lubricate the passage of the product pipe. Lighter, stronger and cheaper to transport and install resulting in projects delivered on time and on budget; Joins seamlessly using heat fusion techniques resulting in less down time and less fittings and one continuous, permanent leak proof system; Lowimpact installation practices such as horizontal directional drilling and other trenchless operations result in minimized social disruption and reduced construction costs; Highly flexible and can withstand stress and as a result can conform to earth movements due to earthquakes and ground shifts without pipeline cracks or leaks; Impact and fatigue resistant resulting in increased life cycle performance and decreased tangible capital asset management costs over time; High performance resins, such a s PE 4710, make the pipe corrosion and chemical resistant resulting in pipes that last longer and perform better; Accepts repetitive pressure surges that significantly exceed the static pressure rating; Environmentally friendly and uses less energy to manufacture. Advancement of tooling within loose uncemented soils is largely accomplished by hydraulic excavation. The operator of the MGS communicates with the driller and guides him towards a predetermined engineered drill path. Image Courtesy:Exova Utilities, Pipe coil trailer loaded with 100metres of 180mm PE pipe. 0000015903 00000 n 0000003343 00000 n A bore diameter of 1.2 to 1.5 times the PE100 pipe OD is normally required. These two images show a small directional drilling rig being unloaded to install 100 metres of 100mm PE distribution main, and in place ready to start drilling. Additional route bends, beyond those shown in. 349 32 Unnecessarily large curvatures (sharp bends) also contribute to bending stresses in the HDPE pipe, but generally are not significant for such a flexible product. The development of trenchless technology to rehabilitate existing underground infrastructure with minimal disruption to surface traffic, business, and other activities, has left a lasting impact on the construction and civil engineering industries. 0000004689 00000 n 0000016392 00000 n Advantages of the High Density Polyethylene Trenchless Pipes For Horizontal Directional Drilling The biggest advantage of HDPE HDPE trenchless pipes for HDD besides its long-life expectancy, is its heat-fused joints, which make the pipe a single homogenous pipeline. For larger diameter pipes, which are supplied in straight sections, these sections should normally be fused together to form a single continuous length of pipe prior to commencing the pull-in operation. For the larger diameters typically used for such applications, PE pipe is supplied in discrete segments that are fused together in the field, with essentially no loss in tensile strength, facilitating the pulling operation. hb```i|@Y8Ldhp`iPpgpg#LK:pt2&55/a?aOJ3h13(81dU 8vk& 47kQK\ V'Pj{r e7*fp7D ~aKr+dXi-@%q[cqSxj'VJmxj U[z'. This is not a technique to which the lowest price wins the contract principle should be applied. The indicated bore/pipe path comprises three segments spanning the pipe entry (point A) to its exit point (point D), with horizontal projected distance Lbore, equal to the sum of the three horizontal (projected) segments L, exterior to the drilled path allows for handling at both ends and possible other effects (path curvature, thermal contraction, stretching, etc.). 0000010170 00000 n [citation needed], For longer more challenging crossings, tractor trailer mounted drills capable of 1,320,000 lbs (thrust/pullback force) and 150,000 ft-lbs (rotary force) may be used [600 tonnes- 204,000 N-M ]. The image above shows a sonde and battery fitted inside a slant face drilling head. First, a small diameter pilot hole is drilled along a directional path from one surface point to another. 0000019826 00000 n International, Inc., 2015, pg. At diameters up to and including 180mm the new pipe can be supplied as a coil, and this will be loaded into and dispensed from a coil trailer, positioned adjacent to or over the entry excavation. Although pipe stiffness effects may generally be ignored for flexible PE pipe, there is a potentially important effect can be due to route bends or any path curvature of significance. [citation needed], Directional boring is used for installing infrastructure such as telecom and power cable conduits, water lines, sewer lines, gas lines, oil lines, product pipelines, and environmental remediation casings. Unnecessarily large curvatures (sharp bends) also contribute to bending stresses in the HDPE pipe, but generally are not significant for such a flexible product. Compared with traditional trenching and buried pipes, it has better technical, environmental protection and economical efficiency, and is suitable for crossing streets, highways, railways, buildings, and rivers, especially in downtown areas, historic sites, green belts, where excavation is impossible or unsuitable areas. [3], The process is suitable for a variety of soil conditions including clay, silt, sand, and rock. Co., LTD, lyondellBasell, PetroChina Dushanzi Petrochemical Company, Prime Polymer, SABIC, SCG & Thai Polyethylene, Sinopec, and Tasnee. hbbd``b`$mA,k D\ The tensile load on the pipe during installation must be calculated to establish whether it exceeds the maximum allowable load. The most significant was to the alternative guidelines TR-46 provided by the Plastics Pipe Institute (which has been superseded by its Municipal Advisory Boards MAB-7), as more appropriate for mini-HDD operations.