>> The Consumer Rights Act 2015 which substantially came into force on 1 October 2015, has been touted by some as a welcome consolidation of a number of pre-existing consumer protection laws. /CS /DeviceRGB This essay will analyse the Consumer Rights Act 2015 ('CRA 2015') as it is a significant element of the government's reform of consumer law in the UK. The definition of digital content in s 2(9) is the same as the definition in the CRD (Art 2(11)). >> /S /Transparency SI 2002/3045. 31 0 obj << >> 3 0 obj 215 0 R] /Tabs /S /Resources << /Nums [0 [94 0 R 95 0 R 96 0 R 97 0 R 98 0 R 99 0 R 100 0 R 101 0 R 102 0 R 103 0 R /Resources << 10 0 obj This does not, as will be seen below, mean that consumers will not have to refer to both the Act and the 2013 Regulations in some cases. Willett, C Fairness and consumer decision making under the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive (2010) 33 J Consumer Pol'y 247 at 271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 136. /GS7 53 0 R See /F4 50 0 R /Font << The CRA also makes it clear that digital content can be provided for a one-off payment or ongoing subscription. >> 17 0 obj Trstenjak, AG in Penzugyi 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R >> >> /Resources << However, the CRA also introduces a new provision under which the trader is contractually liable for any statements it makes, whether about the service or the trader, that are taken into account by the consumer when deciding whether to enter into the contract or when making any decision about the service after entering into the contract. 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 233 0 R 233 0 R 233 0 R 233 0 R 233 0 R 233 0 R /Font << /Type /Group /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] 471 0 R 291 0 R 292 0 R 293 0 R 294 0 R 295 0 R 296 0 R 297 0 R 304 0 R 472 0 R /Group << Time limit for short-term right to reject 23. /Font << 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R for this article. The Consumer Rights Act 2015 came into force on 1 October 2015. /F6 52 0 R << /GS7 53 0 R 3. This does not apply, however, if the Directive expressly refers to the law of the Member States. See 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R >> /Type /Page /F4 50 0 R /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Type /Page 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R /Resources << I am not quite sure I completely agree with your assertions on misrepresentations and as for clarity/simplification issues of common law incorporation are surely of less importance as the Act aims to throw more responsibility onto the business of the potential consequences of reliance on the the use of unfair terms. /F6 52 0 R /Type /Page /Font << /StructParents 17 eBay AND PayPal ignoring the Consumer Rights Act 2015 - buyer protection worthless? 370 0 R 370 0 R 370 0 R 370 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R unfair terms in a contract. Member States (2006) 28 Sydney L Rev 89 at 94 /Tabs /S /S /Transparency >> See also Twigg-Flesner and Bradgate, above n 10. /F5 51 0 R >> This applies regardless of whether the contract is for goods, services or digital content. /Marked true 381 0 R 381 0 R 381 0 R 381 0 R 381 0 R 382 0 R 383 0 R 383 0 R 383 0 R 383 0 R See, in particular, Council Regulation 1/2003. /CS /DeviceRGB 96. 41. Krummel, T and D'Sa, RM Sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees: a minimalist approach to harmonised European Union consumer protection (2001) 26 Eur L Rev 312 at 329 43. /F5 51 0 R /Worksheet /Part 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R The reduction in price must be an appropriate amount taking into account all of the circumstances and can usually take into account any use that the consumer has had from the goods. /Font << /Tabs /S /StructParents 4 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R /Parent 2 0 R >> >> /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] The Consumer Rights Act 2015 a bastion of European Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. 104 0 R 105 0 R 106 0 R 106 0 R 106 0 R 106 0 R 106 0 R 106 0 R 106 0 R 106 0 R /StructParents 11 Gerstenberg, O Constitutional reasoning in private law: the role of the CJEU in adjudicating unfair terms in consumer contracts (2015) 21 Eur L J 599 at 621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 137. 38 0 obj An Act to amend the law relating to the rights of consumers and protection of their interests; to make provision about investigatory powers for enforcing the regulation of traders; to make provision about private actions in competition law and the Competition Appeal Tribunal; and for connected purposes. 6 [167 0 R 168 0 R 169 0 R 170 0 R 171 0 R 172 0 R 173 0 R 174 0 R 175 0 R 175 0 R /F9 65 0 R 1 118 0 R 2 [119 0 R 120 0 R 120 0 R 120 0 R 121 0 R 121 0 R 121 0 R 121 0 R 121 0 R 121 0 R /Contents 40 0 R 94. /F5 51 0 R /Group << >> /GS7 53 0 R See eg, recently in relation to the 1993 Directive, Case C-537/13, iba v Devnas ECLI:EU:C:2015:14, at [22] and Case C-488/11 Asbeek Brusse and de Man Garabito EU:C:2013:341, at [31]. 280 0 R 280 0 R 280 0 R 280 0 R 280 0 R 280 0 R 280 0 R 280 0 R 280 0 R 280 0 R /Font << 436 0 R 436 0 R 436 0 R 436 0 R 436 0 R 436 0 R 436 0 R 437 0 R 437 0 R 437 0 R 100. /F2 48 0 R >> 8 [188 0 R 189 0 R 190 0 R 191 0 R 192 0 R 193 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 196 0 R 197 0 R /Tabs /S /Resources << A two-tier statutory remedy structure has been introduced in the event that those standards are breached: As with the goods provisions, the trader must provide the repair or replacement within a reasonable time, without causing significant inconvenience to the consumer and at no cost to the consumer. /F5 51 0 R /F5 51 0 R %PDF-1.5 >> This replaces the current two-tier system available under the Sale and Supply of Goods to Consumers Regulations 2002 ("SSGCRs"). /Contents 81 0 R /Resources << 128. /ExtGState << /Tabs /S >> The work must be done within a reasonable time, without causing significant inconvenience to the consumer and at no cost to the consumer. It is worth bearing in mind that the statutory remedies in the CRA (whether relating to goods, services or digital content) do not prevent the consumer from seeking other remedies, such as suing for breach of contract, but there can be no double recovery. 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R See also 18. /GS8 54 0 R /ExtGState << /F2 48 0 R This article will focus on the rules as they apply to contracts of sale as it is this type of transaction that will be most relevant for the majority of consumer-facing businesses. 144. /StructParents 21 9. /Resources << 74. Part 2 of the CRA will replace the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999 (UTCCRs), inits entirety, and the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 (UCTA) in so far as it affects consumer contracts. /Resources << /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] /CS /DeviceRGB /ExtGState << Zimmermann, R Contract law reform: the German experience in Vogenauer, S and Weatherill, S (eds) The Harmonisation of European Contract Law (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2006), pp 8687.Google Scholar. >> /Group << What is the Consumer Rights Act, and how does it affect my vehicle purchase? /ExtGState << CRA 2015: the overhaul of the consumer rights regime in the UK | Ashurst People We bring together lawyers of the highest calibre; progressive thinkers driven by the desire to help our clients achieve business success. Leczykiewicz, D and Weatherill, S (eds) The Images of the Consumer in EU Law (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2016).Google Scholar. 243 0 R 244 0 R 463 0 R 245 0 R 246 0 R 464 0 R 250 0 R 251 0 R 252 0 R 253 0 R /F4 50 0 R 25 [372 0 R 373 0 R 374 0 R 375 0 R 376 0 R 377 0 R 378 0 R 379 0 R 380 0 R 380 0 R /Parent 2 0 R Section 62(4): A term is unfair if, contrary to the requirement of good faith, it causes a significant imbalance in the parties rights and obligations under the contract to the detriment of the consumer. This was also the policy of the UTCCR; see Reg 5(1), 1999 Regulations. 12 0 obj /S /Transparency /Kids [5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R 9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R >> The 2015 Act goes on to say that the quality of goods includes their state and condition and takes into account: the fitness for all the purposes for which goods of that kind are usually supplied. /Type /Group /Font << @]'W(2wFK2fD'{jvy>hw5M[D4vj{Bv,+. 321 0 R 321 0 R 321 0 R 321 0 R 321 0 R 321 0 R 321 0 R 321 0 R 321 0 R 321 0 R 8 0 obj Weatherill, S The role of the informed consumer in EC law and policy (1994) 2 Consumer L J 49.Google Scholar. 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 404 0 R 179 0 R 179 0 R 179 0 R 179 0 R 179 0 R 179 0 R 179 0 R 179 0 R] The changes cover: what should happen when goods are faulty. /F4 50 0 R Collins, H Good faith in European contract law (1994) 14 Oxford J Legal Stud 229 /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R /Group << /F6 52 0 R /F4 50 0 R The CRA merges the various rules under the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 ("UCTA") and the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999 (the "UTCCRs") which give consumers protection against contractual wording that could be used to give traders an unfair advantage. Whilst much of the law remains the same, the CRA has also introduced some limited changes. These are areas where there has been considerable activity at both a national and an EU level. See also C-26/13 Ksler >> /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] Google Scholar. /GS8 54 0 R /F5 51 0 R % >> The standards consumers can expect in relation to goods largely reflect those contained in the Sale of Goods Act 1979 ("SGA"), including that the goods will be of satisfactory quality, be fit for purpose and match their description. >> >> /Parent 2 0 R 30 0 obj 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R] 16 [269 0 R 270 0 R 271 0 R 272 0 R 273 0 R 274 0 R 275 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R /F4 50 0 R /Font << 26 [387 0 R 388 0 R 389 0 R 390 0 R 391 0 R 392 0 R 393 0 R 394 0 R 395 0 R 395 0 R /F4 50 0 R endobj /CS /DeviceRGB 29 0 obj Hondius, E The notion of consumer: European Union vs. >> /CS /DeviceRGB /F4 50 0 R 2 It has been described by consumer organisation Which? /Type /Page /F4 50 0 R /Tabs /S Right to repair or replacement 24. /StructParents 30 << Section 2(7) states that business includes the activities of any government department or local or public authority. 35. >> endobj 442 0 R 442 0 R 442 0 R 442 0 R 442 0 R 442 0 R 443 0 R 443 0 R 443 0 R 443 0 R 22 [333 0 R 334 0 R 335 0 R 336 0 R 337 0 R 338 0 R 339 0 R 340 0 R 341 0 R 342 0 R /F4 50 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] what happens when a . /Parent 2 0 R 24 [360 0 R 361 0 R 362 0 R 363 0 R 364 0 R 365 0 R 366 0 R 367 0 R 368 0 R 369 0 R Transposed originally under Reg 3(2) UTCCR 1994 and then Reg 6(2) of the UTCCR 1999.